Biology Program

Prospectus

The Field

Biology is the study of living systems ranging from the chemical and physical underpinnings of all universal phenomena to the inner workings of the cell to organismal level inquiry and the complexities of populations, ecosystems, and biomes. The biological sciences encompass a broad, but interrelated, range of disciplines that lead to an equally diverse range of career paths.

Relevance and Demand

The world is experiencing a revolution in the biological disciplines as we have uncovered the genetic mechanisms by which it operates and the technology to manipulate them has become astonishingly rapid and cost-effective. These developments -- along with a greater understanding of complex biological systems -- have increased, and will continue to increase, our understanding of the biological world as well as allow this information to inform and drive improvements directly affecting humanity.

Why UOG?

UOG’s Biology Program is unique as a result of our geographic placement that allows unequaled access to tropical organisms and ecosystems. We have purposefully designed our curriculum to take advantage of this and attract students from all over our region and worldwide. We also have purposefully incorporated a hands-on, research-focused approach from our foundational to capstone courses and believe this context prepares our students for real-world applications.

Given the relevance of the program’s disciplines to Guam’s sustainability, we actively develop our courses to both interest and accommodate students from other disciplines at both the lower and upper division levels. The Biology Program curriculum provides graduates with education, work, and training experiences designed to guide them into becoming professionals and leaders in Guam, the Western Pacific, and globally.

In support of its mission, the Biology unit encourages faculty capacity building in teaching-learning, assessment, research, and service. Mentoring assists students and faculty to achieve their potential.

Career and Post-Graduate Possibilities

An undergraduate degree in Biology offers inroads to many career paths dealing with our people and environment as well as to furthering careers that will ultimately produce all manner of health professionals. Biology majors have opportunities for undergraduate research experiences through laboratory classes, work as lab technicians, independent study projects, and guided original research.

Those who want to pursue post-graduate studies in the biological sciences will be prepared to compete for entry into demanding graduate programs at first-rate institutions worldwide.

Offerings for Non-Majors

The program provides courses for non-majors as well, including those majoring in Nursing, Agriculture & Life Sciences, and HPERD. The Biology Program also assists the Education program in training science teachers and enables students to meet the STEM goals of General Education requirements.

Learning Outcomes

Disciplinary knowledge and skills:
Graduates use their knowledge and understanding of essential concepts to solve problems in ecology, genetics, molecular biology, systematics, and evolution. They can apply their biology knowledge and skills to locally important issues such as island biogeography, conservation, and endangered species problems. They apply relevant concepts from chemistry and physics to biology problems.
Quantitative skills:
Graduates apply numerical methods in research design and use computers for analysis manipulating and modeling biological data.
Research/laboratory skills:
Graduates are competent in basic biology procedures and safety in the laboratory and the field; they formulate testable hypotheses and create effective experimental designs using their knowledge, understanding, and practical experience of scientific instruments.
Communication skills:
Graduates use scientific literature and diagrams as a source of information, properly cite sources and avoid plagiarism, and create text and graphics to communicate results effectively through print and oral presentations. They collect and assess evidence and use it to create effective arguments in writing scientific reports and proposals.
Digital literacy:
Graduates use and process information in multiple formats via computer. Graduates are competent in the following computer skills as related to their science work: desktop competencies, word processing, presentation, and data retrieval and manipulation. Graduates effectively judge the usefulness and accuracy of external sources of information.
Professionalism:
Graduates work effectively together in teams in a laboratory and field settings and follow ethical principles underlying scientific research and publication. Graduates understand and apply the values and limitations of scientific research in addressing public policy issues.

Student Advisement

Biology Tracks

Integrative Biology

This track prepares students for a graduate degree in a biological science or a broad range of careers in the biological sciences. This track leads to the greatest number of opportunities in biology.

Bio-Medical

This track is for Biology majors intending to pursue medical, dental, pharmacy, veterinary school, or graduate school in biomedical research.

Applied Biology

This track is for Biology majors intending to begin an applied biology career at an introductory level with a government agency, consulting firm, medical testing lab, or educational venue. Although flexible, this track will not prepare students for graduate studies in the biological sciences, medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, or veterinary sciences.

Biology Minor

Students may choose to minor in Biology for various reasons that broaden and strengthen their preparation and make them more competitive in their chosen fields. Students desiring entry into programs offering medical degrees who major in disciplines other than Biology find that they will need many Biology courses in order to compete and adding a Biology minor serves this purpose. Students in other majors have added the Biology minor in order to supplement their experience and allow them to specialize in a biologically focused area of their major studies, in such broad areas as education, business, and chemistry.

MAJOR REQUIREMENTS

Students considering majoring in Biology should meet with the CNAS academic advisor for advising as early as possible in their college career.

In all three tracks, first-year students begin by taking BI-100/BI-100L Environmental Biology lecture and lab in the fanuchånan (Aug.–Dec.) semester followed by BI-157/BI-157L Principles of Biology I lecture and lab in the subsequent fañomnåkan (Jan.–May) semester. In fanuchånan of the second year, students take BI-158/BI-158L Principles of Biology II lecture and lab along with BI-315/BI-315L Genetics lecture and lab.

Biology majors must have a "C" or better in all courses required for the major and must have a "C" or better in prerequisite coursework for biology courses.

Integrative Biology Track (86–88 credit hours)

General Education (Recommended Courses)

Tier II: Diversity Foundation:

Creative & Expressive Arts:

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
EN210	INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE + This course is an introduction to poetry, the short story and drama. Prerequisite: EN110.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS

Required Courses (74-75 credit hours)

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI100	ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY + This is a one-semester course in general principles of environmental biology, conservation of the environment, and human ecology. It does count as credit toward a major in biology and toward the general education requirements. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI100L, MUST be taken concurrently. Corequisite: BI100L.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
BI100L	ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI100L is the laboratory portion of BI100 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory per week. Corequisite: BI100.	1 credit hour	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
BI157	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY I + The first semester of a two-semester course covers basics of evolutionary theory and Sub-cellular through cellular biology. It is required for all biology majors and may be used by others to satisfy the general education requirements. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI 157L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: Grade C or better grade in both BI100 and BI100L and grade C or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Students majoring in other programs or minoring in Biology may substitute another introductory science class for BI100 and BI100L or request a waiver of the prerequisite. Corequisite: BI157L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI157L	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY I LABORATORY + BI157L is the laboratory portion of BI157 and MUST be taken concurrently. A major portion of this course focuses on original student research that emphasizes scientific experimentation, data analysis, and report writing. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Students majoring in other programs or minoring in Biology may substitute another introductory science class for BI100, BI100L or request a waiver of the prerequisite. Prerequisite: Grade C or better grade in both BI100 and BI100L and previous or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110(or higher.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI158	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY II + The second semester of a two-semester course covers the fundamental of organismal through super-organismal biology. It is required of all biology majors and may be used by others to satisfy the general education requirements. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI158L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: Grade C or better grade in both BI157 and BI157L or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Corequisite: BI158L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI158L	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY II LABORATORY + BI158L is the laboratory portion of BI158 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites: Grade C or better grade in both BI157 and BI157L or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Corequisite: BI158.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI310	EVOLUTION + This course is an introduction to the modern theory of evolution. The focus of the course is on the mechanisms that cause the evolution of adaptations and new species. The pattern of evolution in the fossil record is analyzed to understand the causes of speciation and extinction patterns. The ability of evolutionary theory to inform studies in other areas of biology (such as genetics, morphology, and ecology) is stressed. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. Prerequisite: Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI315, BI315L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI315	GENERAL GENETICS + Basic principles of heredity, including biochemical genetics and population aspects, are covered. The course includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI315L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and (or concurrent enrollment in) BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI315L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI315L	GENERAL GENETICS LABORATORY + BI315L is the laboratory portion of BI315 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and (or concurrent enrollment in) BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI315.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI320	SCIENTIFIC REPORT WRITING + Effective use of scientific data, literature and presentation software to write, illustrate and orally present a structurally correct and cohesive report using scientific format and the appropriate discourse genres for each section. Prerequisites: BI321 and EN111.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI321	SCIENTIFIC ARGUMENTS + Writing and analyzing scientific arguments for effectively presenting scientific work, career aspirations and for getting accepted to graduate school. Prerequisites: BI310.	2 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI412	BIOMETRICS + This is a basic course in the design and analysis of biological experiments. Emphasis is given to analysis of biological and medical data. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI412l MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: MA115 and BI321. Corequisite: BI412L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI412L	BIOMETRICS LABORATORY + BI412L is the laboratory portion of BI412 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: MA115 and BI321. Corequisite: BI412.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH102	GENERAL CHEMISTRY + This course is designed for science majors and minors and emphasizes an in-depth study of modern chemical principles, theories, and laws pertaining to atomic structure, nature of the chemical bond, and stoichiometric considerations of all aspects of inorganic chemistry. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, CH102L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: Demonstrated proficiency at the MA161 level or concurrent enrollment in 161a. Corequisite: CH102L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH102L	GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY + CH102L is the laboratory portion of CH102 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Corequisite: CH102.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH103	GENERAL CHEMISTRY + This course is a continuation of CH102-102L with further study of reactions and stoichiometric problems. The periodic table is studied with emphasis on physical and chemical group properties. Thermo chemistry, electrochemistry, nuclear chemistry and organic chemistry are introduced with respect to data gathering and simple deduction. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, CH103L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: CH102-102L, and MA161a or MA161b or MA165 or higher level, or placement at this level. (CH100-100L may be substituted for CH102-102L by program consent). Corequisite: CH103L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH103L	GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY + CH103L is the laboratory portion of CH103 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Corequisite: CH103.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH310A	ORGANIC CHEMISTRY + This is a full-year lecture sequence covering the general principles of organic chemistry with emphasis on structure, stereochemistry, nomenclature, basic reactions and mechanisms and the occurrence and uses of main classes of compounds. Prerequisite: CH103-103L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH310B	ORGANIC CHEMISTRY + This is a full-year lecture sequence covering the general principles of organic chemistry with emphasis on structure, stereochemistry, nomenclature, basic reactions and mechanisms and the occurrence and uses of main classes of compounds. Prerequisite: CH103-103L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH311	BASIC LABORATORY TECHNIQUES IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY + This course consists of laboratory work in organic chemistry with emphasis on the development of manipulative skills in such techniques as distillations, reduced pressure fractionations, chromatography, and crystallization, and constructions of apparatus utilized in the preparations, purification, identification and study of simple organic compounds. Six hours of laboratory are held per week. Corequisite: CH310a.	2 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH312	LABORATORY TECHNIQUES IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY + This course is a continuation of CH311 with emphasis on continued development of manipulative skills as required by preparation, purification, identification and study of more complex organic compounds. It consists of six hours of laboratory work per week. Prerequisite: CH311. Corequisite: CH310b.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
MA203	CALCULUS I + This is the first semester of a standard calculus course. Topics include limits; continuity; the definition of derivatives; derivatives of algebraic and transcendental functions; product, quotient, and chain rules; applications; and Riemann Sums. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA161b or MA165 or placement or equivalent.	5 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
PH251	UNIVERSITY PHYSICS + This is the first of a two-semester course in general physics using applied calculus. Classical mechanics, heat and thermodynamics are considered. It includes four hours of lecture per week. Prerequisite: MA203 or concurrent enrollment.	4 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
PH252	UNIVERSITY PHYSICS + A continuation of PH251, this course deals with classical electricity and magnetism, optics, wave motion and sound. It includes three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisite: PH251.	4 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS

Choice of (3 credit hours):

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI392	LABORATORY TEACHING AND ASSISTING + This course provides for practical educational experience in undergraduate course laboratories. It may be taken more than once for credit. Prerequisites: Completion of the course in which the laboratory is offered, or of an equivalent course, and consent of instructor.	1 - 3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS

Or:

BI-390 Special Project

BI-398 Internship

BI-498 Internship

Choice of (4 credit hours):

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI302	PLANT BIOLOGY + This course builds on the basic knowledge of plant biology. Students learn the structure and function of various plant groups on a comparative basis, following the timeline of plant evolution. This course is essential for students who are interested in advanced topics in plant science or graduate study using plants as model organisms. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158 and BI158L. Co-requisite: BI302L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI302L	PLANT BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI302L is the laboratory component of BI302 and MUST be taken concurrently. The laboratory explores plant forms and levels of organizations with an emphasis on viewing and documenting anatomical features under a microscope. Prerequisites: BI157 & BI157L, BI158 & BI158L. Corequisite: BI302.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI365	PLANT SYSTEMATICS + This course covers the concepts and practices of modern plant systematics, emphasizing on Guam vascular plants identification, computational algorithms in bioinformatics and molecular phylogeny reconstruction, and species concept differentiation. The lab, MUST be taken concurrently. This course is particularly useful for students interested in evolutionary biology, conservation biology, ecological and environmental consultancy, or natural resource management. Prerequisites: BI310. Corequisite: BI365L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI365L	PLANT SYSTEMATICS LABORATORY + BI365L is the laboratory portion of BI365 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI310. Corequisite: BI365.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS

Choice of (4 credit hours):

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI303	INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY + This course examines the diversity of what are commonly called "animals" from an evolutionary perspective. Initially, the focus will be on how animals are described and classified. Then, diversity of animals will be explored through focus on particular phyla--examining the functional anatomy organ systems, evolutionary relationships, diversity, developmental patterns, and how they live their lives. The last portion of the course will examine first chordates. The course includes 3 hours of lecture each week. The lab (BI303L) must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI303L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI303L	INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY LABORATORY + BI303L is the laboratory portion of BI303 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI303.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI333	COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY + This course is a study of the basic morphology of vertebrates, with lecture emphasis lecture emphasis on the evolution of vertebrate systems and laboratory emphasis on dissection of these systems in selected vertebrates. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI333L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI310. Corequisite: BI333L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI333L	COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY LABORATORY + BI333L is the laboratory portion of BI333 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI310. Corequisite: BI333.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI475	ADVANCE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475L	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI475L	ADVANCED ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. The lecture course, BI475, must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS

Choice of (5-6 credit hours):

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
MA161A	COLLEGE ALGEBRA AND TRIGONOMETRY + MA161a includes algebraic, exponential and logarithmic functions, systems of equations and inequalities. MA161b includes trigonometry, additional algebraic functions, sequences, series and probability. A student may receive credit for either the MA161a-b sequence or the MA 165 course, but not a combination of the two. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA115 or Placement.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
MA161B	COLLEGE ALGEBRA AND TRIGONOMETRY + MA161a includes algebraic, exponential and logarithmic functions, systems of equations and inequalities. MA161b includes trigonometry, additional algebraic functions, sequences, series and probability. A student may receive credit for either the MA161a-b sequence or the MA 165 course, but not a combination of the two. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA161a.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
MA165	PRECALCULUS + Topics include algebraic, exponential and logarithmic functions; systems of equations and inequalities; trigonometry; sequences and series. A student may receive credit for either the MA161a-b sequence or the MA 165 course, but not a combination of the two. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA115 or Placement.	5 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS

BI-100/L, BI-157/L, BI-158/L, and CH-102/L may also fulfill General Education requirements.

May not be double counted as required, elective, or capstone courses.

Track-Specific Elective Courses (8 credit hours)

Elective courses cannot double count as track required courses. Other elective courses not listed here must be upper divsion science courses and approd by student's advisor and program chair.

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI225	BASIC MICROBIOLOGY + This course is a survey of the characteristics and significance of microorganisms from environmental, industrial, and medical perspectives. It includes two 2-hour laboratories and 3 hours of lecture weekly. Prerequisites: CH100, CHl00L, CH101, CH101L (note: For Biology Majors: CH102, CH102L and CH103, CH103L) AND Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L or BI124, BI124L and BI125, BI125L. Corequisite: BI225L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI225L	BASIC MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI225L is the laboratory portion of BI225 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of two 2-hour laboratories and 3 hours of lecture weekly. Prerequisites: CH100, CHl00L, CH101, CH101L (note: For Biology Majors: CH102, CH102L and CH103, CH103L) AND Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L or BI124, BI124L and BI125, BI125L. Corequisite: BI225.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI302	PLANT BIOLOGY + This course builds on the basic knowledge of plant biology. Students learn the structure and function of various plant groups on a comparative basis, following the timeline of plant evolution. This course is essential for students who are interested in advanced topics in plant science or graduate study using plants as model organisms. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158 and BI158L. Co-requisite: BI302L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI302L	PLANT BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI302L is the laboratory component of BI302 and MUST be taken concurrently. The laboratory explores plant forms and levels of organizations with an emphasis on viewing and documenting anatomical features under a microscope. Prerequisites: BI157 & BI157L, BI158 & BI158L. Corequisite: BI302.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI303	INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY + This course examines the diversity of what are commonly called "animals" from an evolutionary perspective. Initially, the focus will be on how animals are described and classified. Then, diversity of animals will be explored through focus on particular phyla--examining the functional anatomy organ systems, evolutionary relationships, diversity, developmental patterns, and how they live their lives. The last portion of the course will examine first chordates. The course includes 3 hours of lecture each week. The lab (BI303L) must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI303L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI303L	INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY LABORATORY + BI303L is the laboratory portion of BI303 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI303.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI323	PLANT PATHOLOGY + Principles underlying the nature and control of plant disease that are related to crop production and horticulture are introduced in this course. Topics examined include the microorganisms and environmental conditions that cause disease, their dispersal mechanisms and reproductive cycles, and prevention and control options available to manage and contain plant disease. This course meets for three hours of lecture weekly. Concurrent enrollment with AL323L is required. Prerequisites: AL101/L and AL102/L or BI157/L and BI158/L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI323L	PLANT PATHOLOGY LAB + This is the laboratory course for BI323. Concurrent enrollment in AL323 is required. This course meets for three hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: AL101/L and AL102/L OR BI157/L and BI158/L.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI333	COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY + This course is a study of the basic morphology of vertebrates, with lecture emphasis lecture emphasis on the evolution of vertebrate systems and laboratory emphasis on dissection of these systems in selected vertebrates. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI333L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI310. Corequisite: BI333L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI333L	COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY LABORATORY + BI333L is the laboratory portion of BI333 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI310. Corequisite: BI333.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI350	ETHOLOGY + This course is an introductory survey of the field of Ethology. Ethology is the study of animal behavior, particularly under natural conditions. It encompasses proximate (genetic, neurophysiological) and ultimate (evolutionary) causes of animal behavior, and employs both field and laboratory research approaches. The course will show the influence of genetics, physiology, ecology, and the natural selection, and evolution on the expression of behavioral traits. This course consists of three hours of lecture per week. The lab, BI350L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L, BI310 (or concurrent enrollment) and Instructor's consent. Corequisite: BI350L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI350L	ETHOLOGY LABORATORY + BI350L is the laboratory portion of BI350 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L, BI310 (or concurrent enrollment) and Instructor's consent. Corequisite: BI350.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI365	PLANT SYSTEMATICS + This course covers the concepts and practices of modern plant systematics, emphasizing on Guam vascular plants identification, computational algorithms in bioinformatics and molecular phylogeny reconstruction, and species concept differentiation. The lab, MUST be taken concurrently. This course is particularly useful for students interested in evolutionary biology, conservation biology, ecological and environmental consultancy, or natural resource management. Prerequisites: BI310. Corequisite: BI365L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI365L	PLANT SYSTEMATICS LABORATORY + BI365L is the laboratory portion of BI365 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI310. Corequisite: BI365.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI345	GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY + This course is an overview of insect biology with emphasis on fundamental problems encountered by insects, and the structural and functional adaptations used to overcome these problems. The laboratory focuses on insect identification. The course meets for three hours of lecture weekly. Concurrent enrollment in AL/BI345L is required. Prerequisites: BI157/L or AL109/L or AL281/L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI345L	GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY LABORATORY + This course is a corequisite of AL/BI345 and must be taken concurrently. The laboratory focuses on insect identification. An insect collection is required. The course meets for three hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: BI157/L or AL109/L or AL281/L.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI380	OCEANOGRAPHY + This course is an introductory survey of the biological, physical, chemical, geological, and meteorological aspects of the oceans and their basins including a history of oceanographic studies and techniques. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI380L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI100, BI100L, BI157, BI157L, BI158 and BI158L or equivalent and MA161a or higher. Corequisite: BI380L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI380L	OCEANOGRAPHY LABORATORY + BI380L is the laboratory portion of BI380 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Corequisite: BI380.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI410	ECOLOGY + A study of fundamental concepts and methods of ecology illustrated by the examination of local natural systems; vegetational, faunal, and physical factors of the environment are considered. The course includes three hours of lecture weekly and six hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: BI412 & BI412L, BI321, and any ONE of the following lecture & lab pairs: BI225 & BI225L or BI302 & BI302L or BI 303 & BI303L or BI333 & BI333L or BI365 & BI365L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI410L	ECOLOGY LABORATORY + BI410L is the laboratory component of BI410 and MUST be taken concurrently. This course consist of a weekly six-hour laboratory emphasizing filed and laboratory methods in ecology and analyst of ecology data. Prerequisites: BI320 and BI412 and BI412L. Corequisite: BI410.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI416	CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY + This course focuses on the advanced molecular cell biology approaches including recombinant DNA technology, advanced microscopy, protein interaction technologies, and model in vivo & in vitro experimental systems that have led to an unprecedented level of understanding of the structure and function of the cell, the fundamental unit of life. Student will learn to find rational explanations and unifying concepts from a large and rapidly evolving body of knowledge, in order to understand the mechanism by which the cell functions as well as the molecular basis of disease. Principle topics include cellular macromolecules & regulatory factors, membrane structure & membrane transport, cell nucleus & gene expression, cell signaling, the immune system, and cancer biology. This course prepares students for careers in bio-medical research, medicine, biotechnology & agriculture related industry. The lab, BI416L MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: CH102, CH102L, CH103, CH103L, BI315 & BI315L. Corequisite: BI416L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI416L	CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI416L is the laboratory portion of BI416 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites CH102, CH102L & CH103, CH103L, BI315 & BI315L. Corequisite: BI416.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI419	BIOCHEMISTRY + This course covers the principles of protein chemistry and enzyme nomenclature, catalysis, kinetics, and control. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI/CH419L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: CH310a, CH311, CH310b and CH312 or concurrent enrollment, Corequisite: BI/CH419L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI419L	BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY + BI/CH419L is the laboratory portion of BI/CH419 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites: CH310a, CH311, CH310b and CH312 or concurrent enrollment. Corequisite: BI/CH419.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI425	MOLECULAR MEDICINE + This course is designed for students who are planning on entering graduate and professional programs in the biological and medical sciences or careers in the biotechnology industry. This course highlights current concepts and trends in molecular biology as well as the latest developments in novel molecular approaches for detection and treatment of diseases. Selected topics in Immunology, Cardiovascular Biology, Tumor Viruses and Cancer Biology, Viral Pathogenesis, and Neurobiology are the focus of this course. Prerequisite: BI416 & BI416L, or equivalent. Corequisite: BI425/G/L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI425L	MOLECULAR MEDICINE LABORATORY + BI 425L is the molecular biology laboratory course that is taken concurrently with BI425. In this course, expression and control of eukaryotic genes is investigated in a research project format. Laboratory work involves the use of RNA & DNA techniques, protein methods, reporter gene assays, fluorescence microscopy, and the use of molecular biological computer databases to predict structure and function from nucleic acid & protein sequences. Prerequisites: BI416 & BI416L, or equivalent. Corequisite: BI425.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI430	SCIENTIFIC PHOTOGRAPHY + Photography is one of the primary means through which scientific observation and research is documented and presented to colleagues and the public. By developing technical observational and aesthetic skills, students will learn how to extract relevant information from nature using macro-photography, photomicrography, special techniques and digital processing. Students will learn the basics of photography and the use of a computer as the digital darkroom. This course includes two hours of lecture and three hours of laboratory; weekly. Laboratories will either be field activities or hands-on experience in the classroom. AL/BI430L is the laboratory portion of AL/BI430 and MUST be taken concurrently. Corequisite: AL/BI430L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI430L	SCIENTIFIC PHOTOGRAPHY LABORATORY + Photography is one of the primary means through which scientific observation and research is documented and presented to colleagues and the public. By developing technical observational and aesthetic skills, students will learn how to extract relevant information from nature using macro-photography, photomicrography, special techniques and digital processing. Students will learn the basics of photography and the use of a computer as the digital darkroom. BI/AL430L is the laboratory portion of BI/AL430 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of two hours of lecture and three hours laboratory period per week. Corequisite: BI/AL430.	1 credit hour
BI432	PHARMACOLOGY + This upper division course will provide a foundation of pharmacology that builds upon basic physiological principles. Pharmacology will introduce Phase I and Phase II metabolism, major drug classes, and mechanism of action for pharmacologic agents. The course is well suited for biomedical track students and those interested in pursuing graduate or pharmacy school. This is a hybrid course and some lectures will take place online, while others will be in class. Prerequisites: BI158, CH103, BI321. Recommended: BI124, BI12L and BI125, BI125L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI474	MARINE BOTANY + This course provides students an in-depth exploration of the marine plants in the region with an emphasis on how the physiology and ecology of seaweeds and microalgae relate to environmental conditions in the sea. Prerequisites: BI302.	4 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI475	ADVANCE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475L	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI475L	ADVANCED ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. The lecture course, BI475, must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
GE480	SPECIAL TOPICS IN GEOGRAPHY + This course covers topics of interest in geography on physical and/or human geography subject matter. Current themes including natural resources, environment, climate change, GIS, remote sensing, culture, globalization, politics, economy, technology, sustainability and health may be explored for a defined region of interest within the Asia Pacific, within a historical context where indicated. Course may be repeated if topic is different.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS

Capstone (4-5 credit hours)

Choice of:

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI410	ECOLOGY + A study of fundamental concepts and methods of ecology illustrated by the examination of local natural systems; vegetational, faunal, and physical factors of the environment are considered. The course includes three hours of lecture weekly and six hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: BI412 & BI412L, BI321, and any ONE of the following lecture & lab pairs: BI225 & BI225L or BI302 & BI302L or BI 303 & BI303L or BI333 & BI333L or BI365 & BI365L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI410L	ECOLOGY LABORATORY + BI410L is the laboratory component of BI410 and MUST be taken concurrently. This course consist of a weekly six-hour laboratory emphasizing filed and laboratory methods in ecology and analyst of ecology data. Prerequisites: BI320 and BI412 and BI412L. Corequisite: BI410.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI475	ADVANCE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475L	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI475L	ADVANCED ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. The lecture course, BI475, must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS

Note: Biology capstone cannot double count as Integrative Biology required or elective courses.

Bio-Medical Track (90-91 credit hours)

General Education (Recommended Courses)

Tier II: Diversity Foundation

Human Sciences:

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
PY101	GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY + This course provides an introduction to the basic principles of psychology, to methods for research in psychology, and to key finding from its subfields. Topics include the biological bases of behavior sensation and perception, consciousness and altered states, learning, human memory, problem-solving, motivation and emotion, development across the life span, personality, stress and coping, psychological disorders, psychotherapy, and social behavior.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
SO101	INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY + This course is a study of human society, its diversity, its nature, structure, and processes including foundations of culture, social interaction, social controls, social change and cross-cultural relations. Special emphasis is given to social processes in Micronesia and the Western Pacific.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS

Creative & Expressive Arts:

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
EN210	INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE + This course is an introduction to poetry, the short story and drama. Prerequisite: EN110.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS

Required Courses (82-83 credit hours)

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI100	ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY + This is a one-semester course in general principles of environmental biology, conservation of the environment, and human ecology. It does count as credit toward a major in biology and toward the general education requirements. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI100L, MUST be taken concurrently. Corequisite: BI100L.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
BI100L	ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI100L is the laboratory portion of BI100 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory per week. Corequisite: BI100.	1 credit hour	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
BI124	HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I + This is the first part of a two-semester course in the study of the structure and function of the human body. This part will examine the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems from the level of cells, to tissues, to organs, to the whole organism. Homeostatic control mechanisms in the healthy human for these systems will be stressed. The course includes 3 hours of lecture each week. The lab, BI 124L should be taken concurrently. Prerequisite or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Corequisite: BI124L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI124L	HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I LABORATORY + BI124L is the laboratory portion of BI124 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Corequisite: BI124.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI125	HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY II + This is the second part of a two-semester course in the study of the structure and functions of the systems of the human body. In this part, aspects of the nervous, circulatory, immune, digestive, reproductive, and excretory systems are investigated. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI125L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI124, BI124L and prerequisite or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Corequisite: BI125L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI125L	HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIO II LABORATORY + BI125L is the laboratory portion of BI125 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI124, BI124L and Prerequisite or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Corequisite: BI125.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI157	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY I + The first semester of a two-semester course covers basics of evolutionary theory and Sub-cellular through cellular biology. It is required for all biology majors and may be used by others to satisfy the general education requirements. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI 157L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: Grade C or better grade in both BI100 and BI100L and grade C or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Students majoring in other programs or minoring in Biology may substitute another introductory science class for BI100 and BI100L or request a waiver of the prerequisite. Corequisite: BI157L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI157L	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY I LABORATORY + BI157L is the laboratory portion of BI157 and MUST be taken concurrently. A major portion of this course focuses on original student research that emphasizes scientific experimentation, data analysis, and report writing. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Students majoring in other programs or minoring in Biology may substitute another introductory science class for BI100, BI100L or request a waiver of the prerequisite. Prerequisite: Grade C or better grade in both BI100 and BI100L and previous or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110(or higher.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI158	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY II + The second semester of a two-semester course covers the fundamental of organismal through super-organismal biology. It is required of all biology majors and may be used by others to satisfy the general education requirements. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI158L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: Grade C or better grade in both BI157 and BI157L or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Corequisite: BI158L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI158L	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY II LABORATORY + BI158L is the laboratory portion of BI158 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites: Grade C or better grade in both BI157 and BI157L or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Corequisite: BI158.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI310	EVOLUTION + This course is an introduction to the modern theory of evolution. The focus of the course is on the mechanisms that cause the evolution of adaptations and new species. The pattern of evolution in the fossil record is analyzed to understand the causes of speciation and extinction patterns. The ability of evolutionary theory to inform studies in other areas of biology (such as genetics, morphology, and ecology) is stressed. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. Prerequisite: Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI315, BI315L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI315	GENERAL GENETICS + Basic principles of heredity, including biochemical genetics and population aspects, are covered. The course includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI315L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and (or concurrent enrollment in) BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI315L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI315L	GENERAL GENETICS LABORATORY + BI315L is the laboratory portion of BI315 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and (or concurrent enrollment in) BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI315.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI320	SCIENTIFIC REPORT WRITING + Effective use of scientific data, literature and presentation software to write, illustrate and orally present a structurally correct and cohesive report using scientific format and the appropriate discourse genres for each section. Prerequisites: BI321 and EN111.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI321	SCIENTIFIC ARGUMENTS + Writing and analyzing scientific arguments for effectively presenting scientific work, career aspirations and for getting accepted to graduate school. Prerequisites: BI310.	2 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI225	BASIC MICROBIOLOGY + This course is a survey of the characteristics and significance of microorganisms from environmental, industrial, and medical perspectives. It includes two 2-hour laboratories and 3 hours of lecture weekly. Prerequisites: CH100, CHl00L, CH101, CH101L (note: For Biology Majors: CH102, CH102L and CH103, CH103L) AND Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L or BI124, BI124L and BI125, BI125L. Corequisite: BI225L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI225L	BASIC MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI225L is the laboratory portion of BI225 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of two 2-hour laboratories and 3 hours of lecture weekly. Prerequisites: CH100, CHl00L, CH101, CH101L (note: For Biology Majors: CH102, CH102L and CH103, CH103L) AND Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L or BI124, BI124L and BI125, BI125L. Corequisite: BI225.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI416	CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY + This course focuses on the advanced molecular cell biology approaches including recombinant DNA technology, advanced microscopy, protein interaction technologies, and model in vivo & in vitro experimental systems that have led to an unprecedented level of understanding of the structure and function of the cell, the fundamental unit of life. Student will learn to find rational explanations and unifying concepts from a large and rapidly evolving body of knowledge, in order to understand the mechanism by which the cell functions as well as the molecular basis of disease. Principle topics include cellular macromolecules & regulatory factors, membrane structure & membrane transport, cell nucleus & gene expression, cell signaling, the immune system, and cancer biology. This course prepares students for careers in bio-medical research, medicine, biotechnology & agriculture related industry. The lab, BI416L MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: CH102, CH102L, CH103, CH103L, BI315 & BI315L. Corequisite: BI416L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI416L	CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI416L is the laboratory portion of BI416 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites CH102, CH102L & CH103, CH103L, BI315 & BI315L. Corequisite: BI416.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI419	BIOCHEMISTRY + This course covers the principles of protein chemistry and enzyme nomenclature, catalysis, kinetics, and control. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI/CH419L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: CH310a, CH311, CH310b and CH312 or concurrent enrollment, Corequisite: BI/CH419L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI419L	BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY + BI/CH419L is the laboratory portion of BI/CH419 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites: CH310a, CH311, CH310b and CH312 or concurrent enrollment. Corequisite: BI/CH419.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH102	GENERAL CHEMISTRY + This course is designed for science majors and minors and emphasizes an in-depth study of modern chemical principles, theories, and laws pertaining to atomic structure, nature of the chemical bond, and stoichiometric considerations of all aspects of inorganic chemistry. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, CH102L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: Demonstrated proficiency at the MA161 level or concurrent enrollment in 161a. Corequisite: CH102L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH102L	GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY + CH102L is the laboratory portion of CH102 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Corequisite: CH102.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH103	GENERAL CHEMISTRY + This course is a continuation of CH102-102L with further study of reactions and stoichiometric problems. The periodic table is studied with emphasis on physical and chemical group properties. Thermo chemistry, electrochemistry, nuclear chemistry and organic chemistry are introduced with respect to data gathering and simple deduction. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, CH103L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: CH102-102L, and MA161a or MA161b or MA165 or higher level, or placement at this level. (CH100-100L may be substituted for CH102-102L by program consent). Corequisite: CH103L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH103L	GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY + CH103L is the laboratory portion of CH103 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Corequisite: CH103.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH310A	ORGANIC CHEMISTRY + This is a full-year lecture sequence covering the general principles of organic chemistry with emphasis on structure, stereochemistry, nomenclature, basic reactions and mechanisms and the occurrence and uses of main classes of compounds. Prerequisite: CH103-103L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH310B	ORGANIC CHEMISTRY + This is a full-year lecture sequence covering the general principles of organic chemistry with emphasis on structure, stereochemistry, nomenclature, basic reactions and mechanisms and the occurrence and uses of main classes of compounds. Prerequisite: CH103-103L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH311	BASIC LABORATORY TECHNIQUES IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY + This course consists of laboratory work in organic chemistry with emphasis on the development of manipulative skills in such techniques as distillations, reduced pressure fractionations, chromatography, and crystallization, and constructions of apparatus utilized in the preparations, purification, identification and study of simple organic compounds. Six hours of laboratory are held per week. Corequisite: CH310a.	2 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH312	LABORATORY TECHNIQUES IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY + This course is a continuation of CH311 with emphasis on continued development of manipulative skills as required by preparation, purification, identification and study of more complex organic compounds. It consists of six hours of laboratory work per week. Prerequisite: CH311. Corequisite: CH310b.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
MA203	CALCULUS I + This is the first semester of a standard calculus course. Topics include limits; continuity; the definition of derivatives; derivatives of algebraic and transcendental functions; product, quotient, and chain rules; applications; and Riemann Sums. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA161b or MA165 or placement or equivalent.	5 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
PH251	UNIVERSITY PHYSICS + This is the first of a two-semester course in general physics using applied calculus. Classical mechanics, heat and thermodynamics are considered. It includes four hours of lecture per week. Prerequisite: MA203 or concurrent enrollment.	4 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
PH252	UNIVERSITY PHYSICS + A continuation of PH251, this course deals with classical electricity and magnetism, optics, wave motion and sound. It includes three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisite: PH251.	4 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS

Choice of (3 credit hours):

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI392	LABORATORY TEACHING AND ASSISTING + This course provides for practical educational experience in undergraduate course laboratories. It may be taken more than once for credit. Prerequisites: Completion of the course in which the laboratory is offered, or of an equivalent course, and consent of instructor.	1 - 3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS

Or:

BI-390 Special Project

BI-398 Internship

BI-498 Internship

Choice of (5-6 credit hours):

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
MA165	PRECALCULUS + Topics include algebraic, exponential and logarithmic functions; systems of equations and inequalities; trigonometry; sequences and series. A student may receive credit for either the MA161a-b sequence or the MA 165 course, but not a combination of the two. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA115 or Placement.	5 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
MA161A	COLLEGE ALGEBRA AND TRIGONOMETRY + MA161a includes algebraic, exponential and logarithmic functions, systems of equations and inequalities. MA161b includes trigonometry, additional algebraic functions, sequences, series and probability. A student may receive credit for either the MA161a-b sequence or the MA 165 course, but not a combination of the two. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA115 or Placement.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
MA161B	COLLEGE ALGEBRA AND TRIGONOMETRY + MA161a includes algebraic, exponential and logarithmic functions, systems of equations and inequalities. MA161b includes trigonometry, additional algebraic functions, sequences, series and probability. A student may receive credit for either the MA161a-b sequence or the MA 165 course, but not a combination of the two. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA161a.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS

BI-100/L, BI-157/L, BI-158/L, and CH-102/L may also fulfull General Education requirements.

Any upper division Biology (BI) course or other Chemistry (CH) or Health Sciences (HS) course approved by the Biology Program chair.

Track-Specific Elective Courses (4 credit hours)

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI302	PLANT BIOLOGY + This course builds on the basic knowledge of plant biology. Students learn the structure and function of various plant groups on a comparative basis, following the timeline of plant evolution. This course is essential for students who are interested in advanced topics in plant science or graduate study using plants as model organisms. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158 and BI158L. Co-requisite: BI302L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI302L	PLANT BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI302L is the laboratory component of BI302 and MUST be taken concurrently. The laboratory explores plant forms and levels of organizations with an emphasis on viewing and documenting anatomical features under a microscope. Prerequisites: BI157 & BI157L, BI158 & BI158L. Corequisite: BI302.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI303	INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY + This course examines the diversity of what are commonly called "animals" from an evolutionary perspective. Initially, the focus will be on how animals are described and classified. Then, diversity of animals will be explored through focus on particular phyla--examining the functional anatomy organ systems, evolutionary relationships, diversity, developmental patterns, and how they live their lives. The last portion of the course will examine first chordates. The course includes 3 hours of lecture each week. The lab (BI303L) must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI303L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI303L	INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY LABORATORY + BI303L is the laboratory portion of BI303 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI303.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI323	PLANT PATHOLOGY + Principles underlying the nature and control of plant disease that are related to crop production and horticulture are introduced in this course. Topics examined include the microorganisms and environmental conditions that cause disease, their dispersal mechanisms and reproductive cycles, and prevention and control options available to manage and contain plant disease. This course meets for three hours of lecture weekly. Concurrent enrollment with AL323L is required. Prerequisites: AL101/L and AL102/L or BI157/L and BI158/L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI323L	PLANT PATHOLOGY LAB + This is the laboratory course for BI323. Concurrent enrollment in AL323 is required. This course meets for three hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: AL101/L and AL102/L OR BI157/L and BI158/L.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI333	COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY + This course is a study of the basic morphology of vertebrates, with lecture emphasis lecture emphasis on the evolution of vertebrate systems and laboratory emphasis on dissection of these systems in selected vertebrates. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI333L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI310. Corequisite: BI333L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI333L	COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY LABORATORY + BI333L is the laboratory portion of BI333 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI310. Corequisite: BI333.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI350	ETHOLOGY + This course is an introductory survey of the field of Ethology. Ethology is the study of animal behavior, particularly under natural conditions. It encompasses proximate (genetic, neurophysiological) and ultimate (evolutionary) causes of animal behavior, and employs both field and laboratory research approaches. The course will show the influence of genetics, physiology, ecology, and the natural selection, and evolution on the expression of behavioral traits. This course consists of three hours of lecture per week. The lab, BI350L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L, BI310 (or concurrent enrollment) and Instructor's consent. Corequisite: BI350L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI350L	ETHOLOGY LABORATORY + BI350L is the laboratory portion of BI350 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L, BI310 (or concurrent enrollment) and Instructor's consent. Corequisite: BI350.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI345	GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY + This course is an overview of insect biology with emphasis on fundamental problems encountered by insects, and the structural and functional adaptations used to overcome these problems. The laboratory focuses on insect identification. The course meets for three hours of lecture weekly. Concurrent enrollment in AL/BI345L is required. Prerequisites: BI157/L or AL109/L or AL281/L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI345L	GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY LABORATORY + This course is a corequisite of AL/BI345 and must be taken concurrently. The laboratory focuses on insect identification. An insect collection is required. The course meets for three hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: BI157/L or AL109/L or AL281/L.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI365	PLANT SYSTEMATICS + This course covers the concepts and practices of modern plant systematics, emphasizing on Guam vascular plants identification, computational algorithms in bioinformatics and molecular phylogeny reconstruction, and species concept differentiation. The lab, MUST be taken concurrently. This course is particularly useful for students interested in evolutionary biology, conservation biology, ecological and environmental consultancy, or natural resource management. Prerequisites: BI310. Corequisite: BI365L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI365L	PLANT SYSTEMATICS LABORATORY + BI365L is the laboratory portion of BI365 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI310. Corequisite: BI365.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI380	OCEANOGRAPHY + This course is an introductory survey of the biological, physical, chemical, geological, and meteorological aspects of the oceans and their basins including a history of oceanographic studies and techniques. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI380L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI100, BI100L, BI157, BI157L, BI158 and BI158L or equivalent and MA161a or higher. Corequisite: BI380L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI380L	OCEANOGRAPHY LABORATORY + BI380L is the laboratory portion of BI380 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Corequisite: BI380.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI410	ECOLOGY + A study of fundamental concepts and methods of ecology illustrated by the examination of local natural systems; vegetational, faunal, and physical factors of the environment are considered. The course includes three hours of lecture weekly and six hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: BI412 & BI412L, BI321, and any ONE of the following lecture & lab pairs: BI225 & BI225L or BI302 & BI302L or BI 303 & BI303L or BI333 & BI333L or BI365 & BI365L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI410L	ECOLOGY LABORATORY + BI410L is the laboratory component of BI410 and MUST be taken concurrently. This course consist of a weekly six-hour laboratory emphasizing filed and laboratory methods in ecology and analyst of ecology data. Prerequisites: BI320 and BI412 and BI412L. Corequisite: BI410.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI412	BIOMETRICS + This is a basic course in the design and analysis of biological experiments. Emphasis is given to analysis of biological and medical data. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI412l MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: MA115 and BI321. Corequisite: BI412L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI412L	BIOMETRICS LABORATORY + BI412L is the laboratory portion of BI412 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: MA115 and BI321. Corequisite: BI412.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI425	MOLECULAR MEDICINE + This course is designed for students who are planning on entering graduate and professional programs in the biological and medical sciences or careers in the biotechnology industry. This course highlights current concepts and trends in molecular biology as well as the latest developments in novel molecular approaches for detection and treatment of diseases. Selected topics in Immunology, Cardiovascular Biology, Tumor Viruses and Cancer Biology, Viral Pathogenesis, and Neurobiology are the focus of this course. Prerequisite: BI416 & BI416L, or equivalent. Corequisite: BI425/G/L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI425L	MOLECULAR MEDICINE LABORATORY + BI 425L is the molecular biology laboratory course that is taken concurrently with BI425. In this course, expression and control of eukaryotic genes is investigated in a research project format. Laboratory work involves the use of RNA & DNA techniques, protein methods, reporter gene assays, fluorescence microscopy, and the use of molecular biological computer databases to predict structure and function from nucleic acid & protein sequences. Prerequisites: BI416 & BI416L, or equivalent. Corequisite: BI425.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI430	SCIENTIFIC PHOTOGRAPHY + Photography is one of the primary means through which scientific observation and research is documented and presented to colleagues and the public. By developing technical observational and aesthetic skills, students will learn how to extract relevant information from nature using macro-photography, photomicrography, special techniques and digital processing. Students will learn the basics of photography and the use of a computer as the digital darkroom. This course includes two hours of lecture and three hours of laboratory; weekly. Laboratories will either be field activities or hands-on experience in the classroom. AL/BI430L is the laboratory portion of AL/BI430 and MUST be taken concurrently. Corequisite: AL/BI430L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI430L	SCIENTIFIC PHOTOGRAPHY LABORATORY + Photography is one of the primary means through which scientific observation and research is documented and presented to colleagues and the public. By developing technical observational and aesthetic skills, students will learn how to extract relevant information from nature using macro-photography, photomicrography, special techniques and digital processing. Students will learn the basics of photography and the use of a computer as the digital darkroom. BI/AL430L is the laboratory portion of BI/AL430 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of two hours of lecture and three hours laboratory period per week. Corequisite: BI/AL430.	1 credit hour
BI432	PHARMACOLOGY + This upper division course will provide a foundation of pharmacology that builds upon basic physiological principles. Pharmacology will introduce Phase I and Phase II metabolism, major drug classes, and mechanism of action for pharmacologic agents. The course is well suited for biomedical track students and those interested in pursuing graduate or pharmacy school. This is a hybrid course and some lectures will take place online, while others will be in class. Prerequisites: BI158, CH103, BI321. Recommended: BI124, BI12L and BI125, BI125L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
HS405	EPIDEMIOLOGY + This course offers an overview of epidemiology and the epidemiologic approach to problems of health and disease. The major principles and methods of epidemiology are presented together with many of the applications of epidemiology to public health and clinical practice. Prerequisite: HS-216.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
HS322	KINESIOLOGY + Kinesiology is the study of the human body from the viewpoint of the physical sciences. It is an essential part of the educational experience of students of physical education, dance, sport, and physical medicine. The function of the course is to contribute not only to successful participation in various physical activities, but also to the improvement of the human structure through the intelligent selection of activities and the efficient use of the body. Prerequisites: Grade of C or better in EN111 and BI124-124L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH350	FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY + This is a one-semester lecture course covering the basic principles and general applications of physical chemistry. Laws of thermodynamics, thermochemical equilibria, ionic equilibria, phase equilibria, chemical kinetics, electrochemistry, surface chemistry, photochemistry, basic spectroscopy/ imaging and macromolecules are studied. It includes three hours lecture weekly. Prerequisites: MA203, CH103, CH103/L. Corequisite: CH350L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
CH350L	Foundations of Physical Chemistry LABORATORY + This course is the laboratory component of CH350. It covers the experimental exercise that relates to the topics dealt with in the lecture. Topics covered will include thermodynamics, kinetics, spectroscopy, equilibrium, acid-base equilibrium, and electrochemistry. Prerequisites: MA203, CH103, CH103/L. Co-requisite: CH350.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS

Capstone Course (4 credit hours)

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI475	ADVANCE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475L	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI475L	ADVANCED ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. The lecture course, BI475, must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS

Applied Biology Track (87-89 credit hours)

General Education (Recommended Courses)

Tier II: Diversity Foundation

Creative & Expressive Arts:

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
EN210	INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE + This course is an introduction to poetry, the short story and drama. Prerequisite: EN110.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS

Required Courses (55-56 credit hours)

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI100	ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY + This is a one-semester course in general principles of environmental biology, conservation of the environment, and human ecology. It does count as credit toward a major in biology and toward the general education requirements. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI100L, MUST be taken concurrently. Corequisite: BI100L.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
BI100L	ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI100L is the laboratory portion of BI100 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory per week. Corequisite: BI100.	1 credit hour	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
BI157	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY I + The first semester of a two-semester course covers basics of evolutionary theory and Sub-cellular through cellular biology. It is required for all biology majors and may be used by others to satisfy the general education requirements. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI 157L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: Grade C or better grade in both BI100 and BI100L and grade C or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Students majoring in other programs or minoring in Biology may substitute another introductory science class for BI100 and BI100L or request a waiver of the prerequisite. Corequisite: BI157L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI157L	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY I LABORATORY + BI157L is the laboratory portion of BI157 and MUST be taken concurrently. A major portion of this course focuses on original student research that emphasizes scientific experimentation, data analysis, and report writing. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Students majoring in other programs or minoring in Biology may substitute another introductory science class for BI100, BI100L or request a waiver of the prerequisite. Prerequisite: Grade C or better grade in both BI100 and BI100L and previous or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110(or higher.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI158	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY II + The second semester of a two-semester course covers the fundamental of organismal through super-organismal biology. It is required of all biology majors and may be used by others to satisfy the general education requirements. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI158L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: Grade C or better grade in both BI157 and BI157L or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Corequisite: BI158L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI158L	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY II LABORATORY + BI158L is the laboratory portion of BI158 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites: Grade C or better grade in both BI157 and BI157L or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Corequisite: BI158.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI310	EVOLUTION + This course is an introduction to the modern theory of evolution. The focus of the course is on the mechanisms that cause the evolution of adaptations and new species. The pattern of evolution in the fossil record is analyzed to understand the causes of speciation and extinction patterns. The ability of evolutionary theory to inform studies in other areas of biology (such as genetics, morphology, and ecology) is stressed. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. Prerequisite: Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI315, BI315L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI315	GENERAL GENETICS + Basic principles of heredity, including biochemical genetics and population aspects, are covered. The course includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI315L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and (or concurrent enrollment in) BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI315L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI315L	GENERAL GENETICS LABORATORY + BI315L is the laboratory portion of BI315 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and (or concurrent enrollment in) BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI315.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI320	SCIENTIFIC REPORT WRITING + Effective use of scientific data, literature and presentation software to write, illustrate and orally present a structurally correct and cohesive report using scientific format and the appropriate discourse genres for each section. Prerequisites: BI321 and EN111.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI321	SCIENTIFIC ARGUMENTS + Writing and analyzing scientific arguments for effectively presenting scientific work, career aspirations and for getting accepted to graduate school. Prerequisites: BI310.	2 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI412	BIOMETRICS + This is a basic course in the design and analysis of biological experiments. Emphasis is given to analysis of biological and medical data. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI412l MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: MA115 and BI321. Corequisite: BI412L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI412L	BIOMETRICS LABORATORY + BI412L is the laboratory portion of BI412 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: MA115 and BI321. Corequisite: BI412.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH101	INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC CHEMISTRY + This course covers basic concepts in organic chemistry and is tailored for students preparing for technical training in the natural sciences. The course covers the chemical and physical properties of simple carbon compounds and its applications. Corequisite: CH101l. Prerequisite: CH100 and CH100L, or consent of instructor.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
CH101L	INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LABORATORY + CH101L is the laboratory component of CH101 and must be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Corequisite: CH101 Prerequisite: CH100 and CH100L.	1 credit hour	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
CH102	GENERAL CHEMISTRY + This course is designed for science majors and minors and emphasizes an in-depth study of modern chemical principles, theories, and laws pertaining to atomic structure, nature of the chemical bond, and stoichiometric considerations of all aspects of inorganic chemistry. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, CH102L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: Demonstrated proficiency at the MA161 level or concurrent enrollment in 161a. Corequisite: CH102L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH102L	GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY + CH102L is the laboratory portion of CH102 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Corequisite: CH102.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH103	GENERAL CHEMISTRY + This course is a continuation of CH102-102L with further study of reactions and stoichiometric problems. The periodic table is studied with emphasis on physical and chemical group properties. Thermo chemistry, electrochemistry, nuclear chemistry and organic chemistry are introduced with respect to data gathering and simple deduction. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, CH103L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: CH102-102L, and MA161a or MA161b or MA165 or higher level, or placement at this level. (CH100-100L may be substituted for CH102-102L by program consent). Corequisite: CH103L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH103L	GENERAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY + CH103L is the laboratory portion of CH103 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Corequisite: CH103.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS

Choice of (3 credit hours):

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI392	LABORATORY TEACHING AND ASSISTING + This course provides for practical educational experience in undergraduate course laboratories. It may be taken more than once for credit. Prerequisites: Completion of the course in which the laboratory is offered, or of an equivalent course, and consent of instructor.	1 - 3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS

Or:

BI-390 Special Project

BI-398 Internship

BI-498 Internship

Choice of (4 credit hours):

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI302	PLANT BIOLOGY + This course builds on the basic knowledge of plant biology. Students learn the structure and function of various plant groups on a comparative basis, following the timeline of plant evolution. This course is essential for students who are interested in advanced topics in plant science or graduate study using plants as model organisms. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158 and BI158L. Co-requisite: BI302L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI302L	PLANT BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI302L is the laboratory component of BI302 and MUST be taken concurrently. The laboratory explores plant forms and levels of organizations with an emphasis on viewing and documenting anatomical features under a microscope. Prerequisites: BI157 & BI157L, BI158 & BI158L. Corequisite: BI302.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI365	PLANT SYSTEMATICS + This course covers the concepts and practices of modern plant systematics, emphasizing on Guam vascular plants identification, computational algorithms in bioinformatics and molecular phylogeny reconstruction, and species concept differentiation. The lab, MUST be taken concurrently. This course is particularly useful for students interested in evolutionary biology, conservation biology, ecological and environmental consultancy, or natural resource management. Prerequisites: BI310. Corequisite: BI365L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI365L	PLANT SYSTEMATICS LABORATORY + BI365L is the laboratory portion of BI365 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI310. Corequisite: BI365.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS

Choice of (4 credit hours):

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI303	INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY + This course examines the diversity of what are commonly called "animals" from an evolutionary perspective. Initially, the focus will be on how animals are described and classified. Then, diversity of animals will be explored through focus on particular phyla--examining the functional anatomy organ systems, evolutionary relationships, diversity, developmental patterns, and how they live their lives. The last portion of the course will examine first chordates. The course includes 3 hours of lecture each week. The lab (BI303L) must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI303L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI303L	INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY LABORATORY + BI303L is the laboratory portion of BI303 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI303.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI333	COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY + This course is a study of the basic morphology of vertebrates, with lecture emphasis lecture emphasis on the evolution of vertebrate systems and laboratory emphasis on dissection of these systems in selected vertebrates. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI333L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI310. Corequisite: BI333L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI333L	COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY LABORATORY + BI333L is the laboratory portion of BI333 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI310. Corequisite: BI333.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI475	ADVANCE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475L	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI475L	ADVANCED ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. The lecture course, BI475, must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS

Choice of (5-6 credit hours):

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
MA161A	COLLEGE ALGEBRA AND TRIGONOMETRY + MA161a includes algebraic, exponential and logarithmic functions, systems of equations and inequalities. MA161b includes trigonometry, additional algebraic functions, sequences, series and probability. A student may receive credit for either the MA161a-b sequence or the MA 165 course, but not a combination of the two. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA115 or Placement.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
MA161B	COLLEGE ALGEBRA AND TRIGONOMETRY + MA161a includes algebraic, exponential and logarithmic functions, systems of equations and inequalities. MA161b includes trigonometry, additional algebraic functions, sequences, series and probability. A student may receive credit for either the MA161a-b sequence or the MA 165 course, but not a combination of the two. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA161a.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
MA165	PRECALCULUS + Topics include algebraic, exponential and logarithmic functions; systems of equations and inequalities; trigonometry; sequences and series. A student may receive credit for either the MA161a-b sequence or the MA 165 course, but not a combination of the two. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA115 or Placement.	5 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS

BI-100/L, BI-157/L, BI-158/L, and CH-102/L may also fulfill General Education requirements.

BI-410/L may not be double counted as required, elective, or capstone courses.

STEM Upper-Division Electives (16 credit hours)

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI302	PLANT BIOLOGY + This course builds on the basic knowledge of plant biology. Students learn the structure and function of various plant groups on a comparative basis, following the timeline of plant evolution. This course is essential for students who are interested in advanced topics in plant science or graduate study using plants as model organisms. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158 and BI158L. Co-requisite: BI302L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI302L	PLANT BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI302L is the laboratory component of BI302 and MUST be taken concurrently. The laboratory explores plant forms and levels of organizations with an emphasis on viewing and documenting anatomical features under a microscope. Prerequisites: BI157 & BI157L, BI158 & BI158L. Corequisite: BI302.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI323	PLANT PATHOLOGY + Principles underlying the nature and control of plant disease that are related to crop production and horticulture are introduced in this course. Topics examined include the microorganisms and environmental conditions that cause disease, their dispersal mechanisms and reproductive cycles, and prevention and control options available to manage and contain plant disease. This course meets for three hours of lecture weekly. Concurrent enrollment with AL323L is required. Prerequisites: AL101/L and AL102/L or BI157/L and BI158/L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI323L	PLANT PATHOLOGY LAB + This is the laboratory course for BI323. Concurrent enrollment in AL323 is required. This course meets for three hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: AL101/L and AL102/L OR BI157/L and BI158/L.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI333	COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY + This course is a study of the basic morphology of vertebrates, with lecture emphasis lecture emphasis on the evolution of vertebrate systems and laboratory emphasis on dissection of these systems in selected vertebrates. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI333L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI310. Corequisite: BI333L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI333L	COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY LABORATORY + BI333L is the laboratory portion of BI333 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI310. Corequisite: BI333.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI350	ETHOLOGY + This course is an introductory survey of the field of Ethology. Ethology is the study of animal behavior, particularly under natural conditions. It encompasses proximate (genetic, neurophysiological) and ultimate (evolutionary) causes of animal behavior, and employs both field and laboratory research approaches. The course will show the influence of genetics, physiology, ecology, and the natural selection, and evolution on the expression of behavioral traits. This course consists of three hours of lecture per week. The lab, BI350L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L, BI310 (or concurrent enrollment) and Instructor's consent. Corequisite: BI350L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI350L	ETHOLOGY LABORATORY + BI350L is the laboratory portion of BI350 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L, BI310 (or concurrent enrollment) and Instructor's consent. Corequisite: BI350.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI380	OCEANOGRAPHY + This course is an introductory survey of the biological, physical, chemical, geological, and meteorological aspects of the oceans and their basins including a history of oceanographic studies and techniques. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI380L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI100, BI100L, BI157, BI157L, BI158 and BI158L or equivalent and MA161a or higher. Corequisite: BI380L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI380L	OCEANOGRAPHY LABORATORY + BI380L is the laboratory portion of BI380 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Corequisite: BI380.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI430	SCIENTIFIC PHOTOGRAPHY + Photography is one of the primary means through which scientific observation and research is documented and presented to colleagues and the public. By developing technical observational and aesthetic skills, students will learn how to extract relevant information from nature using macro-photography, photomicrography, special techniques and digital processing. Students will learn the basics of photography and the use of a computer as the digital darkroom. This course includes two hours of lecture and three hours of laboratory; weekly. Laboratories will either be field activities or hands-on experience in the classroom. AL/BI430L is the laboratory portion of AL/BI430 and MUST be taken concurrently. Corequisite: AL/BI430L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI430L	SCIENTIFIC PHOTOGRAPHY LABORATORY + Photography is one of the primary means through which scientific observation and research is documented and presented to colleagues and the public. By developing technical observational and aesthetic skills, students will learn how to extract relevant information from nature using macro-photography, photomicrography, special techniques and digital processing. Students will learn the basics of photography and the use of a computer as the digital darkroom. BI/AL430L is the laboratory portion of BI/AL430 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of two hours of lecture and three hours laboratory period per week. Corequisite: BI/AL430.	1 credit hour
BI416	CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY + This course focuses on the advanced molecular cell biology approaches including recombinant DNA technology, advanced microscopy, protein interaction technologies, and model in vivo & in vitro experimental systems that have led to an unprecedented level of understanding of the structure and function of the cell, the fundamental unit of life. Student will learn to find rational explanations and unifying concepts from a large and rapidly evolving body of knowledge, in order to understand the mechanism by which the cell functions as well as the molecular basis of disease. Principle topics include cellular macromolecules & regulatory factors, membrane structure & membrane transport, cell nucleus & gene expression, cell signaling, the immune system, and cancer biology. This course prepares students for careers in bio-medical research, medicine, biotechnology & agriculture related industry. The lab, BI416L MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: CH102, CH102L, CH103, CH103L, BI315 & BI315L. Corequisite: BI416L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI416L	CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI416L is the laboratory portion of BI416 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites CH102, CH102L & CH103, CH103L, BI315 & BI315L. Corequisite: BI416.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI425	MOLECULAR MEDICINE + This course is designed for students who are planning on entering graduate and professional programs in the biological and medical sciences or careers in the biotechnology industry. This course highlights current concepts and trends in molecular biology as well as the latest developments in novel molecular approaches for detection and treatment of diseases. Selected topics in Immunology, Cardiovascular Biology, Tumor Viruses and Cancer Biology, Viral Pathogenesis, and Neurobiology are the focus of this course. Prerequisite: BI416 & BI416L, or equivalent. Corequisite: BI425/G/L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI425L	MOLECULAR MEDICINE LABORATORY + BI 425L is the molecular biology laboratory course that is taken concurrently with BI425. In this course, expression and control of eukaryotic genes is investigated in a research project format. Laboratory work involves the use of RNA & DNA techniques, protein methods, reporter gene assays, fluorescence microscopy, and the use of molecular biological computer databases to predict structure and function from nucleic acid & protein sequences. Prerequisites: BI416 & BI416L, or equivalent. Corequisite: BI425.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI432	PHARMACOLOGY + This upper division course will provide a foundation of pharmacology that builds upon basic physiological principles. Pharmacology will introduce Phase I and Phase II metabolism, major drug classes, and mechanism of action for pharmacologic agents. The course is well suited for biomedical track students and those interested in pursuing graduate or pharmacy school. This is a hybrid course and some lectures will take place online, while others will be in class. Prerequisites: BI158, CH103, BI321. Recommended: BI124, BI12L and BI125, BI125L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI474	MARINE BOTANY + This course provides students an in-depth exploration of the marine plants in the region with an emphasis on how the physiology and ecology of seaweeds and microalgae relate to environmental conditions in the sea. Prerequisites: BI302.	4 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI475	ADVANCE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475L	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI475L	ADVANCED ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. The lecture course, BI475, must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI365	PLANT SYSTEMATICS + This course covers the concepts and practices of modern plant systematics, emphasizing on Guam vascular plants identification, computational algorithms in bioinformatics and molecular phylogeny reconstruction, and species concept differentiation. The lab, MUST be taken concurrently. This course is particularly useful for students interested in evolutionary biology, conservation biology, ecological and environmental consultancy, or natural resource management. Prerequisites: BI310. Corequisite: BI365L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI365L	PLANT SYSTEMATICS LABORATORY + BI365L is the laboratory portion of BI365 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI310. Corequisite: BI365.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI303	INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY + This course examines the diversity of what are commonly called "animals" from an evolutionary perspective. Initially, the focus will be on how animals are described and classified. Then, diversity of animals will be explored through focus on particular phyla--examining the functional anatomy organ systems, evolutionary relationships, diversity, developmental patterns, and how they live their lives. The last portion of the course will examine first chordates. The course includes 3 hours of lecture each week. The lab (BI303L) must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI303L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI303L	INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY LABORATORY + BI303L is the laboratory portion of BI303 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI303.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI345	GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY + This course is an overview of insect biology with emphasis on fundamental problems encountered by insects, and the structural and functional adaptations used to overcome these problems. The laboratory focuses on insect identification. The course meets for three hours of lecture weekly. Concurrent enrollment in AL/BI345L is required. Prerequisites: BI157/L or AL109/L or AL281/L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI345L	GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY LABORATORY + This course is a corequisite of AL/BI345 and must be taken concurrently. The laboratory focuses on insect identification. An insect collection is required. The course meets for three hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: BI157/L or AL109/L or AL281/L.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI410	ECOLOGY + A study of fundamental concepts and methods of ecology illustrated by the examination of local natural systems; vegetational, faunal, and physical factors of the environment are considered. The course includes three hours of lecture weekly and six hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: BI412 & BI412L, BI321, and any ONE of the following lecture & lab pairs: BI225 & BI225L or BI302 & BI302L or BI 303 & BI303L or BI333 & BI333L or BI365 & BI365L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI410L	ECOLOGY LABORATORY + BI410L is the laboratory component of BI410 and MUST be taken concurrently. This course consist of a weekly six-hour laboratory emphasizing filed and laboratory methods in ecology and analyst of ecology data. Prerequisites: BI320 and BI412 and BI412L. Corequisite: BI410.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH310A	ORGANIC CHEMISTRY + This is a full-year lecture sequence covering the general principles of organic chemistry with emphasis on structure, stereochemistry, nomenclature, basic reactions and mechanisms and the occurrence and uses of main classes of compounds. Prerequisite: CH103-103L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH311	BASIC LABORATORY TECHNIQUES IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY + This course consists of laboratory work in organic chemistry with emphasis on the development of manipulative skills in such techniques as distillations, reduced pressure fractionations, chromatography, and crystallization, and constructions of apparatus utilized in the preparations, purification, identification and study of simple organic compounds. Six hours of laboratory are held per week. Corequisite: CH310a.	2 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH310B	ORGANIC CHEMISTRY + This is a full-year lecture sequence covering the general principles of organic chemistry with emphasis on structure, stereochemistry, nomenclature, basic reactions and mechanisms and the occurrence and uses of main classes of compounds. Prerequisite: CH103-103L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH312	LABORATORY TECHNIQUES IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY + This course is a continuation of CH311 with emphasis on continued development of manipulative skills as required by preparation, purification, identification and study of more complex organic compounds. It consists of six hours of laboratory work per week. Prerequisite: CH311. Corequisite: CH310b.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH330	QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS + This course is a study of select quantitative schemes as utilized in volumetric and gravimetric analyses with emphasis upon acquiring an understanding of the basic theoretical principles involved. Laboratory emphasis is on the development of useful techniques consistent with the present state of the art and reduction to laboratory practice of the theories studied. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, CH330L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: CH103-103L. Corequisite: CH330L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
CH330L	QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS LABORATORY + CH330L is the laboratory portion of CH330 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of six hours of laboratory work per week. Corequisite: CH330.	2 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
CH350	FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY + This is a one-semester lecture course covering the basic principles and general applications of physical chemistry. Laws of thermodynamics, thermochemical equilibria, ionic equilibria, phase equilibria, chemical kinetics, electrochemistry, surface chemistry, photochemistry, basic spectroscopy/ imaging and macromolecules are studied. It includes three hours lecture weekly. Prerequisites: MA203, CH103, CH103/L. Corequisite: CH350L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
CH350L	Foundations of Physical Chemistry LABORATORY + This course is the laboratory component of CH350. It covers the experimental exercise that relates to the topics dealt with in the lecture. Topics covered will include thermodynamics, kinetics, spectroscopy, equilibrium, acid-base equilibrium, and electrochemistry. Prerequisites: MA203, CH103, CH103/L. Co-requisite: CH350.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
CH419	BIOCHEMISTRY + This course covers the principles of protein chemistry and enzyme nomenclature, catalysis, kinetics and control. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI/CH419L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: CH310a, CH310b, CH311 and CH312; or concurrent enrollment. Corequisite: BI/CH419L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
CH419L	BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY + CH/BI419L is the laboratory portion of CH/BI419 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory per week. Prerequisites: CH310a, CH311, CH310b and CH312; or concurrent enrollment. Corequisite: CH/BI419.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS

Note: Other STEM courses are possible if approved by student’s advisor and program chair. Cannot double count courses taken to satisfy Core or Capstone requirements. Students must meet all course prerequisites prior to enrollment.

Career-Building Electives (12 credit hours)

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI225	BASIC MICROBIOLOGY + This course is a survey of the characteristics and significance of microorganisms from environmental, industrial, and medical perspectives. It includes two 2-hour laboratories and 3 hours of lecture weekly. Prerequisites: CH100, CHl00L, CH101, CH101L (note: For Biology Majors: CH102, CH102L and CH103, CH103L) AND Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L or BI124, BI124L and BI125, BI125L. Corequisite: BI225L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI225L	BASIC MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI225L is the laboratory portion of BI225 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of two 2-hour laboratories and 3 hours of lecture weekly. Prerequisites: CH100, CHl00L, CH101, CH101L (note: For Biology Majors: CH102, CH102L and CH103, CH103L) AND Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L or BI124, BI124L and BI125, BI125L. Corequisite: BI225.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
MA203	CALCULUS I + This is the first semester of a standard calculus course. Topics include limits; continuity; the definition of derivatives; derivatives of algebraic and transcendental functions; product, quotient, and chain rules; applications; and Riemann Sums. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA161b or MA165 or placement or equivalent.	5 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
MA204	CALCULUS II + This is the second semester of a standard calculus course. Topics include techniques and applications of integration, differential equations, power series, and Taylor series. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA203.	5 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
MA205	MULTIVARIABLE CALCULUS + This course covers the calculus of functions of several variables, including partial differentiation and multiple integration. It also covers introductory topics in vector calculus, including vector fields, line integration, Green's Theorem, curl and divergence, surface integrals, Stokes' Theorem, and the Divergence Theorem. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA204.	5 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
MA301	DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS + This course covers the study of the fundamental concepts of differential equations with applications. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA204.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
PH251	UNIVERSITY PHYSICS + This is the first of a two-semester course in general physics using applied calculus. Classical mechanics, heat and thermodynamics are considered. It includes four hours of lecture per week. Prerequisite: MA203 or concurrent enrollment.	4 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
PH252	UNIVERSITY PHYSICS + A continuation of PH251, this course deals with classical electricity and magnetism, optics, wave motion and sound. It includes three hours of lecture per week. Prerequisite: PH251.	4 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
HS200	HEALTH AND WELLNESS + Health and Wellness is designed to introduce students to the concepts of physical fitness and wellness and the lifetime benefits provided through participation in an individualized program. Its lecture component provides an in-depth understanding of the hows and whys of health fitness as well as information most useful in helping students make healthful adjustments to their current lifestyles. The course also offers participation in an individualized exercise program with a choice of several different activities. Pre and post testing are done to determine improvement in the areas of cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength, flexibility, and body composition.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
HS216	INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC HEALTH + This course offers an overview of public health and the discussion of current topics, recent events and the most up- to-date key issues that affect the public's health. The major areas of public health are presented together with many of the applications to epidemiology, surveillance, environmental health, illness prevention, and public health policy making. Prerequisite: HS200.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
HS405	EPIDEMIOLOGY + This course offers an overview of epidemiology and the epidemiologic approach to problems of health and disease. The major principles and methods of epidemiology are presented together with many of the applications of epidemiology to public health and clinical practice. Prerequisite: HS-216.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
AL281	PRINCIPLES OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE + This course introduces principles of plant-soil-climate relations and physical characteristics in horticultural crop production, current practices included. Emphasis is on the practical aspects of producing vegetable, fruit and ornamental crops in the tropics. Three hours of lecture and three hours lab weekly. Laboratories will consist of field activities, field trips, and guest lectures. AL281L is the laboratory portion of AL281and MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: MA115 or higher and AL102 or BI157 or BI158. Co-requisite: AL281L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
AL281L	PRINCIPLES OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LAB + This course introduces principles of plant-soil-climate relations and physical characteristics in horticultural crop production, current practices included. Emphasis is on the practical aspects of producing vegetable, fruit and ornamental crops in the tropics. Three hours of lecture and three hours lab weekly. Laboratories will consist of field activities, field trips, and guest lectures. AL281L is the laboratory portion of AL281 and MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: MA115 or higher, AL101 AL101L and AL102 AL102L or BI157 BI157L or BI158 BI158L. Corequisite: AL281.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
AL300	FOOD PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY + This course covers basic food processing principles and preservation techniques to extend shelf-life of foods by inhibiting microbiological or biochemical changes and retaining food sensory characteristics and nutritional quality. Emphasis is on food properties and processing theory, raw material preparation, fermentation technology, blanching, pasteurization, sterilization, dehydration, chilling, freezing, and packaging. Prerequisites: AL101, AL101L, AL140, AL185 and BI225-BI225L. Corequisite: AL300L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
AL300L	FOOD PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LAB + AL300L is the laboratory portion of AL300 and must be taken concurrently. The course consists of lab activities using various technologies to extend shelf-life of foods or process shelf-stable food products. Prerequisites: AL101, Al101L, AL140, AL185, and BI225-BI225L. Corequisite: AL300.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
AL443	TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE TROPICAL AGRICULTURE + This course provides students with knowledge of agricultural sustainability through the practice of technologies that efficiently utilize resources that aim to improve and sustain soil and water quality and quantity. Students will gain knowledge of the technologies for improving sustainability on agriculture operations, conservation practices that mitigate degradation of soil and water quality in agricultural operations through sustainable management. Students will learn management strategies and technologies that aim to obtain optimum agricultural production, reduce negative environmental impacts, and sustain natural resources. The course meets for three hours of lecture and three hours of laboratory weekly. Corequisite: AL-443L. Prerequisites: MA161a, AL211, AL281, or consent of instructor.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
AL443L	TECHONOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE TROPICAL AGRICULTURE LABORATORY + This course provides students with knowledge of agricultural sustainability through the practice of technologies that efficiently utilize resources that aim to improve and sustain soil and water quality and quantity. Students will gain knowledge of the technologies for improving sustainability on agriculture operations, conservation practices that mitigate degradation of soil and water quality in agricultural operations through sustainable management. Students will learn management strategies and technologies that aim to obtain optimum agricultural production, reduce negative environmental impacts, and sustain natural resources. Laboratories will be conducted three hours weekly, and will consist of field activities, field trips, and guest lectures. AL443L is the laboratory portion of AL443 and MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: MA161a, AL211, AL281, or consent of instructor. Corequisite: AL443.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
AL445	FOOD CHEMISTRY + This course focuses on the chemical and functional properties of food constituents. Students learn the effects of processing and storage on the stability of chemical components, nutrition values, and quality of foods. Prerequisite: BI157/157L and BI158/158L or CH102/102L and CH103/103L. Corequisite: AL445L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
AL445L	FOOD CHEMISTRY LABORATORY + AL445L is the laboratory portion of AL445 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of lab activities of using various analytical methods to analyze food constituents and determine functional properties and stability of food components. Prerequisite: BI157/157L and BI158/158L or CH102/102L and CH103/103L. Corequisite AL445.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
AL484	TROPICAL VEGETABLE PRODUCTION + This course is a lecture portion of the tropical vegetable production course. Topics include botany and classification of vegetable, crops production and management systems, plant growth and vegetable cultivar development and testing, and vegetable seed production technology. This course meets for three hours lecture and three hours laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: AL281 and other plant science or biology courses. Corequisite AL484L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
AL484L	TROPICAL VEGETABLE PRODUCTION LAB + This course is a laboratory portion of the tropical vegetable production course. Prerequisite: AL281 and other plant science or biology courses. Corequisite AL484.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
AL485	TROPICAL FRUITS HORTICULTURE + This course covers tropical fruits, their botany, taxonomy and uses, including detailed study of important fruits and their impact on life in the tropics. Topics to be covered are: relationship of the environment; plant structures and cultural practices to yield and quality propagation methods; seed viability, dormancy and seed treatments, fertilizers, growth regulators, and modification of season of production; and stock and scion relationships. The course meets for three hours lecture weekly. Concurrent enrollment in AL485L is required. Prerequisite: AL281.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
AL485L	TROPICAL FRUITS HORTICULTURE LABORATORY + This course is the laboratory section of AL485. The course meets for three hours laboratory weekly. Concurrent enrollment in AL485 is required. Prerequisite: AL281.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
AL486	ORNAMENTAL CROP PRODUCTION IN THE TROPICS + This course covers topics related to the production of ornamental plants in the tropics. Lectures cover the propagation, management and post-harvest handling of specific crops. Meets for three hours of lecture weekly. Concurrent enrollment in AL486L is required. Prerequisite: AL281.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
AL486L	ORNAMENTAL CROP PRODUCTION IN THE PACIFIC LABORATORY + AL486L is the laboratory portion of AL486 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: AL281. Corequisite: AL486.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
AL389	EXTENSION PROGRAMS & PLANNING + The course reviews development and educational philosophy of the Cooperative Extension & Outreach in the U.S., Guam, and the Pacific Basin. Extension educational programs, planning and development methods, teaching tools, and related topics are explored. Prerequisites: EN111 and PY101 or SO101 or consent of instructor.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
AL401	COMMUNITY PLANNING + This course is an introduction to community planning and social theories of communities with application activities designed to provide understanding of community problems and concerns; relationships of physical form to environment and function; aesthetic principles and cultural values; and planning as a synthesis of economic, political, social, cultural, physical, and administrative factors. Emphasis is on helping village communities understand the special circumstances related to growth and development pressures. Prerequisite: SO101.	3 credit hours	AS REQUIRED
BA110	PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS + This course introduces the principles, terminology and fundamental concepts of microeconomics and macroeconomics. It is a foundation for understanding the scope and methods of the economic perspective applied to issues faced by modern capitalist societies. Topics include the role of economics in society, the structure of economic activity, the behavior of firms and households in a market economy, the role of government and institutions of public policy in the United States. Relevant examples from Guam, Micronesia and the Pacific Rim will be explored. Prerequisites: MA110.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
BA200	PRINCIPLES OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING + The first semester covers basic accounting principles of financial accounting and techniques within a framework of sound modern theory. Prerequisite: BA130 or BA230 or BA131 and MA110 or MA115 or MA161a/b or MA165 with a C grade or better.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
BA240	MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONS + This course is the study of the nature of business organizations and the functions of the manager within the organization. It also introduces theories and concepts underlying domestic and global management. Students are introduced to case analysis as a method for analyzing business and management issues. Prerequisite: BA180 for students following catalog years 2018-19 and thereafter.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
BA241	HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT + This course covers the principles and techniques employed in the management of international human resources. Key areas such as employee selection, training, development and performance appraisal are introduced. Approaches to gender, cultural, and ethnic diversity are stressed throughout the course. Students will develop a basic understanding of differences between HR functions in public and private sector systems. Prerequisite: Placement in EN111 and MA110 or higher.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
CO226	MEDIA WRITING + The theory and practice in gathering and presenting news for the print media is covered in this course. Students work may appear in the Triton's Call. Prerequisite: EN110 placement.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
CO350	PUBLIC SPEAKING + Public Speaking covers the theory and study of rhetoric in public settings. The course is designed to assess individual public speaking behaviors and apply principles of rhetoric for improvement in speech preparation and delivery. Prerequisite: CO210 or consent of instructor.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
CO370	ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION + This course provides an overview of the various theories and approaches which have been developed to understand human processes in organizations. It focuses on the impact of globalization and emerging communication technology on organizational processes, as well as the influence of organizational structure and hierarchy on communication and other organizational outcomes. Prerequisite: CO210.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
LW360	ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE + This course prepares the paralegal to render legal assistance in the processes, procedures, and requirements established by administrative agencies through their enabling statutes and rules and regulations. Methods of informal and formal rulemaking and adjudication will be examined, as well as policy execution. This course will also explore administrative considerations in such areas as real estate transactions, procurement, bids, licensing, zoning, employment and program management are discussed.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
PA201	PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN GUAM AND IN THE WESTERN PACIFIC + This course examines the historical context of Public Administration institutions in Guam and in the Western Pacific and applies the concepts of efficiency, economy and effectiveness of the study, design and delivery of island public services. The course also examines public administration approaches, methods and techniques which can (a) contribute to a strengthening of managerial capacity and capability among government institutions in Guam and in the Western Pacific, and (b) improve and enhance the overall quality and accessibility of island public services. The course is designed to better prepare present and future public administrators for the challenges they face or will encounter in the public administration profession in Guam and in the Western Pacific.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
PA210	PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT: CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS + This course covers the functioning of public administration and management in government structures; the history and environment of public administration and management in the U. S. and in the Government of Guam; the development and application of concepts, principles, and techniques of public administration and management in the public sector; and problems, issues, needs, achievements in public administration and management.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
PA215	SUPERVISION IN GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS + This course examines the operations and structure of government organizations from a supervision point of view. The course instructs students in critical supervisory theories, techniques and skills necessary for attaining superior results and accountability in government and not-for-profit organizations. The course is designed to assist students in becoming effective supervisors in public organizations and presents supervisory concepts organized around various functions such as planning, organizing, directing and controlling. The course equips Public Administration, Criminal Justice and other students with the supervisory skills they will need for growth of professional competence in the public service.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
PA303	GOVERNMENT FINANCE + tA survey of financial administration, budgeting, and grant management in government and nonprofit organizations, including understanding the budget as an instrument of fiscal policy, sources of revenue, contracting for services, the procurement function, financial planning, accountability, and control. The course focuses on enhancing the ability of students to think critically, plan, analyze, synthesize, solve fiscal problems and challenges, and make successful financial decisions in government and nonprofit organizations engaged in the delivery of government and public services.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
PA304	GOVERNMENT PUBLIC INFORMATION + The course focuses on the deliberate and sustained effort to establish and maintain effective communications with various publics by government and nonprofit organizations. The course promotes an understanding of how public and nonprofit organizations design, plan and execute successful information programs and/or special events using traditional media channels (newspapers, TV and radio broadcasting, direct mail, community meetings and disaster-related communications, seminars and conferences, etc.) and via new ?21st Century? technologies (e.g., live streaming on the web, social media networks, and AI - Artificial Intelligence, etc.) In this course students will learn that the key to excelling in disseminating information and fund-raising to various publics is sending the right message at the right time via the right communication channels.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
ED110	INTRODUCTION TO TEACHING + This course assists the perspective teacher in Evaluating personal qualifications in the light Of criteria for successful classroom teaching and Helps the student make a well-informed decision for or against a career in teaching. In addition To the classroom assignments, nine hours of Classroom observation in elementary, middle and High school is required to pass this course. Student will work individually to write Reflections on their observations and present a 10-minute presentation on one of the episodes.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
ED271	TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATORS + This teaching methods course emphasizes the psychological and theoretical basis for using instructional media and technology in education. Students produce various instructional media and demonstrate the use of the newer technologies such as telecommunications, assistive technology, computers, and multimedia as educational tools.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS

Note: Other Career-Building courses are possible if approved by student’s advisor and program chair. Cannot double count courses taken to satisfy Core or Capstone requirements. Students must meet all course prerequisites prior to enrollment.

Capstone Course (4-5 credit hours)

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI410	ECOLOGY + A study of fundamental concepts and methods of ecology illustrated by the examination of local natural systems; vegetational, faunal, and physical factors of the environment are considered. The course includes three hours of lecture weekly and six hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: BI412 & BI412L, BI321, and any ONE of the following lecture & lab pairs: BI225 & BI225L or BI302 & BI302L or BI 303 & BI303L or BI333 & BI333L or BI365 & BI365L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI410L	ECOLOGY LABORATORY + BI410L is the laboratory component of BI410 and MUST be taken concurrently. This course consist of a weekly six-hour laboratory emphasizing filed and laboratory methods in ecology and analyst of ecology data. Prerequisites: BI320 and BI412 and BI412L. Corequisite: BI410.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI475	ADVANCE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475L	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI475L	ADVANCED ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. The lecture course, BI475, must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS

Cannot double count as Applied Biology Core Courses or STEM/Career Building Electives.

MINOR REQUIREMENTS

Biology Minor Requirements (33-35 credit hours)

Required Courses (25-27 credit hours)

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI100	ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY + This is a one-semester course in general principles of environmental biology, conservation of the environment, and human ecology. It does count as credit toward a major in biology and toward the general education requirements. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI100L, MUST be taken concurrently. Corequisite: BI100L.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
BI100L	ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI100L is the laboratory portion of BI100 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory per week. Corequisite: BI100.	1 credit hour	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
BI157	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY I + The first semester of a two-semester course covers basics of evolutionary theory and Sub-cellular through cellular biology. It is required for all biology majors and may be used by others to satisfy the general education requirements. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI 157L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: Grade C or better grade in both BI100 and BI100L and grade C or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Students majoring in other programs or minoring in Biology may substitute another introductory science class for BI100 and BI100L or request a waiver of the prerequisite. Corequisite: BI157L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI157L	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY I LABORATORY + BI157L is the laboratory portion of BI157 and MUST be taken concurrently. A major portion of this course focuses on original student research that emphasizes scientific experimentation, data analysis, and report writing. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Students majoring in other programs or minoring in Biology may substitute another introductory science class for BI100, BI100L or request a waiver of the prerequisite. Prerequisite: Grade C or better grade in both BI100 and BI100L and previous or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110(or higher.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI158	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY II + The second semester of a two-semester course covers the fundamental of organismal through super-organismal biology. It is required of all biology majors and may be used by others to satisfy the general education requirements. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI158L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: Grade C or better grade in both BI157 and BI157L or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Corequisite: BI158L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI158L	PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY II LABORATORY + BI158L is the laboratory portion of BI158 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites: Grade C or better grade in both BI157 and BI157L or concurrent enrollment in both EN110 and MA110 (or higher). Corequisite: BI158.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI310	EVOLUTION + This course is an introduction to the modern theory of evolution. The focus of the course is on the mechanisms that cause the evolution of adaptations and new species. The pattern of evolution in the fossil record is analyzed to understand the causes of speciation and extinction patterns. The ability of evolutionary theory to inform studies in other areas of biology (such as genetics, morphology, and ecology) is stressed. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. Prerequisite: Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI315, BI315L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI315	GENERAL GENETICS + Basic principles of heredity, including biochemical genetics and population aspects, are covered. The course includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI315L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and (or concurrent enrollment in) BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI315L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI315L	GENERAL GENETICS LABORATORY + BI315L is the laboratory portion of BI315 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and (or concurrent enrollment in) BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI315.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
MA115	INTRODUCTORY COLLEGE ALGEBRA + This course prepares students for MA161a-b or MA165. Topics include polynomial equations; radical expressions; systems of equations and inequalities; functions; inverse functions, graphing; rational, exponential, and logarithmic functions; and application problems. This course satisfies the GE requirement. It is intended for those students who continue their studies in mathematics after completing this course. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA085b or MA089, completed within the previous 3 semesters, or placement.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS

Choice of (3-5 credit hours):

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
MA161A	COLLEGE ALGEBRA AND TRIGONOMETRY + MA161a includes algebraic, exponential and logarithmic functions, systems of equations and inequalities. MA161b includes trigonometry, additional algebraic functions, sequences, series and probability. A student may receive credit for either the MA161a-b sequence or the MA 165 course, but not a combination of the two. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA115 or Placement.	3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
MA165	PRECALCULUS + Topics include algebraic, exponential and logarithmic functions; systems of equations and inequalities; trigonometry; sequences and series. A student may receive credit for either the MA161a-b sequence or the MA 165 course, but not a combination of the two. Prerequisite: Grade of C or better in MA115 or Placement.	5 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS

Elective Courses (8 credit hours)

Must meet respective prerequisites to enroll.

Course	Course Title	Credits	Term Offered
BI225	BASIC MICROBIOLOGY + This course is a survey of the characteristics and significance of microorganisms from environmental, industrial, and medical perspectives. It includes two 2-hour laboratories and 3 hours of lecture weekly. Prerequisites: CH100, CHl00L, CH101, CH101L (note: For Biology Majors: CH102, CH102L and CH103, CH103L) AND Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L or BI124, BI124L and BI125, BI125L. Corequisite: BI225L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI225L	BASIC MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI225L is the laboratory portion of BI225 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of two 2-hour laboratories and 3 hours of lecture weekly. Prerequisites: CH100, CHl00L, CH101, CH101L (note: For Biology Majors: CH102, CH102L and CH103, CH103L) AND Grades of C or better in BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L or BI124, BI124L and BI125, BI125L. Corequisite: BI225.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI302	PLANT BIOLOGY + This course builds on the basic knowledge of plant biology. Students learn the structure and function of various plant groups on a comparative basis, following the timeline of plant evolution. This course is essential for students who are interested in advanced topics in plant science or graduate study using plants as model organisms. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158 and BI158L. Co-requisite: BI302L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI302L	PLANT BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI302L is the laboratory component of BI302 and MUST be taken concurrently. The laboratory explores plant forms and levels of organizations with an emphasis on viewing and documenting anatomical features under a microscope. Prerequisites: BI157 & BI157L, BI158 & BI158L. Corequisite: BI302.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI303	INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY + This course examines the diversity of what are commonly called "animals" from an evolutionary perspective. Initially, the focus will be on how animals are described and classified. Then, diversity of animals will be explored through focus on particular phyla--examining the functional anatomy organ systems, evolutionary relationships, diversity, developmental patterns, and how they live their lives. The last portion of the course will examine first chordates. The course includes 3 hours of lecture each week. The lab (BI303L) must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI303L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI303L	INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY LABORATORY + BI303L is the laboratory portion of BI303 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L and BI158, BI158L. Corequisite: BI303.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI320	SCIENTIFIC REPORT WRITING + Effective use of scientific data, literature and presentation software to write, illustrate and orally present a structurally correct and cohesive report using scientific format and the appropriate discourse genres for each section. Prerequisites: BI321 and EN111.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI321	SCIENTIFIC ARGUMENTS + Writing and analyzing scientific arguments for effectively presenting scientific work, career aspirations and for getting accepted to graduate school. Prerequisites: BI310.	2 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI323	PLANT PATHOLOGY + Principles underlying the nature and control of plant disease that are related to crop production and horticulture are introduced in this course. Topics examined include the microorganisms and environmental conditions that cause disease, their dispersal mechanisms and reproductive cycles, and prevention and control options available to manage and contain plant disease. This course meets for three hours of lecture weekly. Concurrent enrollment with AL323L is required. Prerequisites: AL101/L and AL102/L or BI157/L and BI158/L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI323L	PLANT PATHOLOGY LAB + This is the laboratory course for BI323. Concurrent enrollment in AL323 is required. This course meets for three hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: AL101/L and AL102/L OR BI157/L and BI158/L.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI333	COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY + This course is a study of the basic morphology of vertebrates, with lecture emphasis lecture emphasis on the evolution of vertebrate systems and laboratory emphasis on dissection of these systems in selected vertebrates. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI333L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI310. Corequisite: BI333L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI333L	COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY LABORATORY + BI333L is the laboratory portion of BI333 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L and BI310. Corequisite: BI333.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI345	GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY + This course is an overview of insect biology with emphasis on fundamental problems encountered by insects, and the structural and functional adaptations used to overcome these problems. The laboratory focuses on insect identification. The course meets for three hours of lecture weekly. Concurrent enrollment in AL/BI345L is required. Prerequisites: BI157/L or AL109/L or AL281/L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI345L	GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY LABORATORY + This course is a corequisite of AL/BI345 and must be taken concurrently. The laboratory focuses on insect identification. An insect collection is required. The course meets for three hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: BI157/L or AL109/L or AL281/L.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI350	ETHOLOGY + This course is an introductory survey of the field of Ethology. Ethology is the study of animal behavior, particularly under natural conditions. It encompasses proximate (genetic, neurophysiological) and ultimate (evolutionary) causes of animal behavior, and employs both field and laboratory research approaches. The course will show the influence of genetics, physiology, ecology, and the natural selection, and evolution on the expression of behavioral traits. This course consists of three hours of lecture per week. The lab, BI350L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L, BI310 (or concurrent enrollment) and Instructor's consent. Corequisite: BI350L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI350L	ETHOLOGY LABORATORY + BI350L is the laboratory portion of BI350 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites: BI157, BI157L, BI158, BI158L, BI310 (or concurrent enrollment) and Instructor's consent. Corequisite: BI350.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI365	PLANT SYSTEMATICS + This course covers the concepts and practices of modern plant systematics, emphasizing on Guam vascular plants identification, computational algorithms in bioinformatics and molecular phylogeny reconstruction, and species concept differentiation. The lab, MUST be taken concurrently. This course is particularly useful for students interested in evolutionary biology, conservation biology, ecological and environmental consultancy, or natural resource management. Prerequisites: BI310. Corequisite: BI365L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI365L	PLANT SYSTEMATICS LABORATORY + BI365L is the laboratory portion of BI365 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: BI310. Corequisite: BI365.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI380	OCEANOGRAPHY + This course is an introductory survey of the biological, physical, chemical, geological, and meteorological aspects of the oceans and their basins including a history of oceanographic studies and techniques. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI380L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI100, BI100L, BI157, BI157L, BI158 and BI158L or equivalent and MA161a or higher. Corequisite: BI380L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI380L	OCEANOGRAPHY LABORATORY + BI380L is the laboratory portion of BI380 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Corequisite: BI380.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI392	LABORATORY TEACHING AND ASSISTING + This course provides for practical educational experience in undergraduate course laboratories. It may be taken more than once for credit. Prerequisites: Completion of the course in which the laboratory is offered, or of an equivalent course, and consent of instructor.	1 - 3 credit hours	FALL/SPRING/ALL YEARS
BI410	ECOLOGY + A study of fundamental concepts and methods of ecology illustrated by the examination of local natural systems; vegetational, faunal, and physical factors of the environment are considered. The course includes three hours of lecture weekly and six hours of laboratory weekly. Prerequisites: BI412 & BI412L, BI321, and any ONE of the following lecture & lab pairs: BI225 & BI225L or BI302 & BI302L or BI 303 & BI303L or BI333 & BI333L or BI365 & BI365L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI410L	ECOLOGY LABORATORY + BI410L is the laboratory component of BI410 and MUST be taken concurrently. This course consist of a weekly six-hour laboratory emphasizing filed and laboratory methods in ecology and analyst of ecology data. Prerequisites: BI320 and BI412 and BI412L. Corequisite: BI410.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI412	BIOMETRICS + This is a basic course in the design and analysis of biological experiments. Emphasis is given to analysis of biological and medical data. The course consists of three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI412l MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: MA115 and BI321. Corequisite: BI412L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI412L	BIOMETRICS LABORATORY + BI412L is the laboratory portion of BI412 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisite: MA115 and BI321. Corequisite: BI412.	1 credit hour	FALL ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI416	CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY + This course focuses on the advanced molecular cell biology approaches including recombinant DNA technology, advanced microscopy, protein interaction technologies, and model in vivo & in vitro experimental systems that have led to an unprecedented level of understanding of the structure and function of the cell, the fundamental unit of life. Student will learn to find rational explanations and unifying concepts from a large and rapidly evolving body of knowledge, in order to understand the mechanism by which the cell functions as well as the molecular basis of disease. Principle topics include cellular macromolecules & regulatory factors, membrane structure & membrane transport, cell nucleus & gene expression, cell signaling, the immune system, and cancer biology. This course prepares students for careers in bio-medical research, medicine, biotechnology & agriculture related industry. The lab, BI416L MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisites: CH102, CH102L, CH103, CH103L, BI315 & BI315L. Corequisite: BI416L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI416L	CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY + BI416L is the laboratory portion of BI416 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites CH102, CH102L & CH103, CH103L, BI315 & BI315L. Corequisite: BI416.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI419	BIOCHEMISTRY + This course covers the principles of protein chemistry and enzyme nomenclature, catalysis, kinetics, and control. It includes three hours of lecture weekly. The lab, BI/CH419L, MUST be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: CH310a, CH311, CH310b and CH312 or concurrent enrollment, Corequisite: BI/CH419L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI419L	BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY + BI/CH419L is the laboratory portion of BI/CH419 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of one three-hour laboratory period per week. Prerequisites: CH310a, CH311, CH310b and CH312 or concurrent enrollment. Corequisite: BI/CH419.	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI425	MOLECULAR MEDICINE + This course is designed for students who are planning on entering graduate and professional programs in the biological and medical sciences or careers in the biotechnology industry. This course highlights current concepts and trends in molecular biology as well as the latest developments in novel molecular approaches for detection and treatment of diseases. Selected topics in Immunology, Cardiovascular Biology, Tumor Viruses and Cancer Biology, Viral Pathogenesis, and Neurobiology are the focus of this course. Prerequisite: BI416 & BI416L, or equivalent. Corequisite: BI425/G/L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI425L	MOLECULAR MEDICINE LABORATORY + BI 425L is the molecular biology laboratory course that is taken concurrently with BI425. In this course, expression and control of eukaryotic genes is investigated in a research project format. Laboratory work involves the use of RNA & DNA techniques, protein methods, reporter gene assays, fluorescence microscopy, and the use of molecular biological computer databases to predict structure and function from nucleic acid & protein sequences. Prerequisites: BI416 & BI416L, or equivalent. Corequisite: BI425.	2 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI430	SCIENTIFIC PHOTOGRAPHY + Photography is one of the primary means through which scientific observation and research is documented and presented to colleagues and the public. By developing technical observational and aesthetic skills, students will learn how to extract relevant information from nature using macro-photography, photomicrography, special techniques and digital processing. Students will learn the basics of photography and the use of a computer as the digital darkroom. This course includes two hours of lecture and three hours of laboratory; weekly. Laboratories will either be field activities or hands-on experience in the classroom. AL/BI430L is the laboratory portion of AL/BI430 and MUST be taken concurrently. Corequisite: AL/BI430L.	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/EVEN YEARS
BI430L	SCIENTIFIC PHOTOGRAPHY LABORATORY + Photography is one of the primary means through which scientific observation and research is documented and presented to colleagues and the public. By developing technical observational and aesthetic skills, students will learn how to extract relevant information from nature using macro-photography, photomicrography, special techniques and digital processing. Students will learn the basics of photography and the use of a computer as the digital darkroom. BI/AL430L is the laboratory portion of BI/AL430 and MUST be taken concurrently. The course consists of two hours of lecture and three hours laboratory period per week. Corequisite: BI/AL430.	1 credit hour
BI432	PHARMACOLOGY + This upper division course will provide a foundation of pharmacology that builds upon basic physiological principles. Pharmacology will introduce Phase I and Phase II metabolism, major drug classes, and mechanism of action for pharmacologic agents. The course is well suited for biomedical track students and those interested in pursuing graduate or pharmacy school. This is a hybrid course and some lectures will take place online, while others will be in class. Prerequisites: BI158, CH103, BI321. Recommended: BI124, BI12L and BI125, BI125L.	3 credit hours	FALL ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI474	MARINE BOTANY + This course provides students an in-depth exploration of the marine plants in the region with an emphasis on how the physiology and ecology of seaweeds and microalgae relate to environmental conditions in the sea. Prerequisites: BI302.	4 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ODD YEARS
BI475	ADVANCE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475L	3 credit hours	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS
BI475L	ADVANCED ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY + Advanced Animal Physiology will acquaint students with the principles of animal form and function by examining how a diversity of animals cope with environmental challenges. Animal Physiology integrates the evolution of physiological system examined across major taxa, ranging from protists through vertebrates and across levels of biological organization from molecules to populations. Topics cover how the law of chemistry and physics govern the physiology of cell signaling, endocrine regulation, osmoregulation, gas exchange, thermoregulation, circulation, locomotion, basic and advanced neurophysiology, learning and memory and receptor physiology. These principles are examined within the context of physiological diversity among animals and their evolutionary processes. The lecture course, BI475, must be taken concurrently. Prerequisite: BI320, BI315L, and BI321. Co requisite: BI475	1 credit hour	SPRING ONLY/ALL YEARS

Or:

BI-390 Special Project

BI-398 Internship

BI-498 Internship

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Camacho A. Frank

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Ghosh Subir

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Kim Rebecca

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Lindstrom P. Daniel

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Lofdahl L. Katharine

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Moots A. Kate

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Norris L. Ella

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Orr Michael

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Perez Diego Adam

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Biology Program

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Prospectus

The Field

Relevance and Demand

Why UOG?

Career and Post-Graduate Possibilities

Offerings for Non-Majors

Learning Outcomes

Biology Tracks

Integrative Biology

Bio-Medical

Applied Biology

Biology Minor

MAJOR REQUIREMENTS

Integrative Biology Track (86–88 credit hours)

General Education (Recommended Courses)

Tier II: Diversity Foundation:

Required Courses (74-75 credit hours)

Choice of (3 credit hours):

Choice of (4 credit hours):

Choice of (4 credit hours):

Choice of (5-6 credit hours):

Track-Specific Elective Courses (8 credit hours)

Capstone (4-5 credit hours)

Choice of:

Bio-Medical Track (90-91 credit hours)

General Education (Recommended Courses)

Tier II: Diversity Foundation

Required Courses (82-83 credit hours)

Choice of (3 credit hours):

Choice of (5-6 credit hours):

Track-Specific Elective Courses (4 credit hours)

Capstone Course (4 credit hours)

Applied Biology Track (87-89 credit hours)

General Education (Recommended Courses)

Tier II: Diversity Foundation

Required Courses (55-56 credit hours)

Choice of (3 credit hours):

Choice of (4 credit hours):

Choice of (4 credit hours):

Choice of (5-6 credit hours):

STEM Upper-Division Electives (16 credit hours)

Career-Building Electives (12 credit hours)

Capstone Course (4-5 credit hours)

MINOR REQUIREMENTS

Biology Minor Requirements (33-35 credit hours)

Required Courses (25-27 credit hours)

Choice of (3-5 credit hours):

Elective Courses (8 credit hours)

Program Chair

Fiedler Curt G.

Expertise

Program Faculty

Biggs A.F. Laura

Expertise

Camacho A. Frank

Expertise

Ghosh Subir

Expertise

Kim Rebecca

Expertise

Lindstrom P. Daniel

Expertise

Lofdahl L. Katharine

Expertise

Moots A. Kate

Expertise

Norris L. Ella

Expertise

Orr Michael

Expertise

Perez Diego Adam

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Xiao Wei

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University of Guam

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